Periodically resetting your portfolio back to its target mix.
Over time, the better-performing assets grow to occupy a larger share of a portfolio, drifting it away from the intended risk level. Rebalancing sells some of what grew and buys what lagged to restore the target allocation, typically once a year. It enforces a disciplined "sell high, buy low" habit and keeps risk where you set it.
If a 60/40 portfolio drifts to 72/28 after a strong year, rebalancing trims stocks back to 60%.