How do I pay estimated taxes through EFTPS or IRS Direct Pay?

Self-employed people generally owe quarterly estimated taxes, and the two free federal options are EFTPS and IRS Direct Pay. EFTPS (the Electronic Federal Tax Payment System) requires a one-time enrollment but then lets you schedule payments in advance, view a full payment history, and handle business taxes — it's the workhorse for ongoing use. IRS Direct Pay needs no enrollment and pulls directly from your bank account for individual payments, making it quick for a one-off. Federal estimated payments are typically due April 15, June 15, September 15, and January 15 of the following year. Pay enough to cover your expected liability — a safe harbor is paying 100% of last year's tax, or 110% if you're a higher earner — to avoid underpayment penalties. Don't forget any state estimated payments, which often have their own portals and deadlines.