Can I get an ITIN if I'm not eligible for a Social Security number, and how do I apply?

Yes. An Individual Taxpayer Identification Number is for people who have a U.S. tax filing or reporting need but can't get an SSN, such as a nonresident spouse or dependent. You apply with Form W-7, attaching your federal tax return and original or certified identity documents like your passport. You can file by mail to the IRS, in person at an IRS Taxpayer Assistance Center, or through a Certifying Acceptance Agent, which lets you keep your original passport. Processing usually takes several weeks. An ITIN is only for tax purposes; it doesn't authorize work or provide Social Security benefits. The IRS covers ITINs and Form W-7 at irs.gov.